To American: You seem to have something against Zambians. There are a lot of Zambians out there who appreciate Black Americans. Please don't generalize people. If you have issues with a particular Zambian, please address the issue with them, instead of slandering all Zambians. You are inciting hatred towards Zambians. For the record, my spouse is Black American.

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For the record: ZAMBIANS OR ANY OTHER GROUP OF PEOPLE OF ANY RACE WILL AND HAVE NEVER BEEN GREATER THAN BLACK AMERICANS. THE KEY WORD HERE IS AMERICANS. WE HELPED BUILD THIS COUNTRY. WE HAVE REBUILT OURSELVES EVEN AFTER COUNTRIES AND PEOPLE LIKE THE ZAMBIANS WERE INVOLVED IN HUMAN THEFT AND SALE OF OUR ANCESTORS AND THEIR ANCESTORS INTO SLAVERY. ZAMBIANS AND OUR OTHER AFRICAN BROTHERS FROM OTHER AFRICAN COUNTRIES BETRAYED US! 10,000 YEARS FROM NOW, THE RECORDS WILL REFLECT THIS: WE ARE AMERICANS WHO OVERCAME PREVAILED AND ADVANCED AGAINST ALL ODDS!

WE PERSERVERED AND STILL DO. DON'T BE MAD. SAVE YOUR NAME CALLING SO YOU DON'T SHOW THE WORLD YOUR BACKWARDS THINKING AND YOUR STUPIDITY, IGNORANCE, HATRED AND JEALOUSY.

WE'VE ACCOMPLISHED GREAT THINGS IN SPITE OF SLAVERY. YOU'RE STILL IN ABJECT POVERTY WITHOUT SLAVERY. MY HISTORY IS THOUSANDS OF YEARS OLD. SLAVERY, NOR YOUR STUPIDITY CANNOT DISCONNECT ME FROM MY COMPLETE HISTORY. IT'S NOTHING MORE THAN A DROP IN THE BUCKET OF TIME. I ACCEPT IT AND EMBRACE IT LIKE I DO FOR MY COMPLETE HISTORY. THAT IS WHAT MAKES US STRONG. THAT IS WHAT MAKES US AMERICANS!

JUST AS JEWISH SLAVERY DID NOT BECOME THEIR FINAL IDENTITY, NEITHER WILL SLAVERY BECOME OURS. WE'RE TOO INTELLIGENT AND WISE. ABOVE ALL THAT GOD IS WATCHING OVER US.

WHAT A ZAMBIAN OR ANY OTHER AFRICAN SAYS NEGATIVELY ABOUT US IS NO MORE THAN A JEALOUS JOKE. WE'VE SURVIVED THE GREATEST INHUMANITY KNOWN TO MAN AND STILL PRODUCED MARTIN LUTHER KING, MUHAMMAD ALI, MALCOLM X, OPRAH WINFREY, SOJURNER TRUTH, FREDRICK DOUGLASS, NAT TURNER, TIGER WOODS, P.S.B. PINCHBACK, DWIGHT EISENHOWER, GEORGE WASHINGTON CARVER, CHARLES DREW, JESSE JACKSON, COLIN POWELL, DENZEL WASHINGTON, MICHEAL JORDAN... DO I NEED TO KEEP GOING??? HUNDRED OF THOUSANDS OF INVENTIONS FROM THE REFRIGERATED TRUCK TO THE BLOOD BANKING SYSTEM THAT KEEPS MILLIONS OF HUMAN BEINGS ALIVE... FROM THE MINDS OF BLACK AMERICANS!

THE MUSIC THE WORLDS DANCES TO? FROM BLACK AMERICANS.

YOU NEVER WERE AND NEVER WILL BE SUPERIOR TO US. YOU CAN DROWN YOUR JEALOUSY IN THE SPIRITS OF HATE FOREVER... YOUR DRUKENESS SHOWS IN YOUR WORDS. WE WILL STILL PREVAIL AND MOVE FOREWARD WHILE YOU RIP OFF YOUR OWN COUNTRIES AS YOU HAVE DONE FOR CENTURIES, WHICH IS ONE OF THE REASONS IT HAS TAKEN SO LONG TO GET ANY TRACTION ON GOING FORWARD. 1 STEP FORWARD AND 20 STEPS BACK.

WE BECOME STRONGER BY OUR CHALLENGES. WE OVERCOME, ADJUST AND PREVAIL. WELCOME TO REALITY.

SINCERELY, I AN AMERICAN, I A BLACK MAN!

I don't think there is a global anti-americanism on the rise. My opinion is that people everywhere are feed up with the arrogant incompetent type. You know, the type that braggs about high morales and cannot live up to what they preach. You want to fight corruption in Africa or elsewhere? Fine, lead the way by example. Don't bragg about transparency and enjoy appointing incompetent people at the World Bank. Why don't you make it an open competition? Don't give no-bid contracts to your friends in places like Irak and then turn your back and accuse african governments of secrecy, dont accuse the UN of mismanaging oil for food program in Iraq and then do worse than the UN with Iraq oil money now that Iraq is under your control ...

Some reasons for American companies to avoid Africa is Africa's corruption, militant threat, and just low ROI. On the other hand, China and India do not make it illegal for their companies to bribe overseas, have very high tolerance for attacks on their citizens, and often pursue political gain rather than economic.

I am sure Kenya does not feel abandoned by US, neither does Egypt nor Liberia. While some African dictators maybe happy about US foreign policy, they are also careful not harbor terrorists groups 'cause the last thing they want are cruise missiles flying allover Sahara... (Col. Gadaffi is one example)

Mr.Gumede, African extremists are an African problem. Not that U.S. is not part of the equation but it's up to African nations to fight extremism within their borders. It is absolutely preposterous to blame U.S. administration for rise of internal terror... You'd never hear Britain or Spain blame America for train bombings.

Finally, ability and willingness of the United States to go it alone is what keeps the glimmer of hope and freedom alive in this world. Unfortunately, Europe is much more pragmatic yet void of backbone in terms of defense. So, God bless America!

dear mr. gumede

you said: "Extremists groups in Africa and the developing world is also very happy," which makes me wonder:

since you are "Associate Editor at Africa Confidential," does this mean that you keep your good edits confidential and only publish your bad ones at washingtonpost.com?

to AMERICAN:
the black african and the white american needs to work in pease for the betterment of all white and black regardless of age or betterment of class systems since slavery abolished prieviously owned dignities and mercinaries that limit the black experience in the eyes of the white working classless dictators that unermine imerialist agenda vis a vis the leftist colonialist mindset working to disrupt the fallacies of the north. furthermore, the yellow man in his ivory tower and the red man in his wollen loincloth shouldn't ridicule the black man in his urban congressional district due to the interlocutor white anglo elite who overrule with systematic administration, whether or not in cahoots with propagators of israli agendas, because under all is the unvanquishable reality that the combined forces of a new world economy and a global population boom across the entire moist spectrum, so that no matter who is on top, whether it be the eu or the us or asian markets, they will be at the mercy over the next fifty years, of these thunderous forces in shaping these whirlwindy shifts--of course putting african nations even further into troubles that were caused by not so much a way of governance as a way of being in the world where the tribes live close to the natural world and are more subjects to the vicicitudes and moodswings of shaky economic topographies and wheather patterns, much more so exposed in rain and endangered than the infrastructured west of with its corporate voodoo and welfare and wheelchair access ramps and its quick divorces which was made by white hard work and therefore insight, self interest and genius and greed at the expense of everyone including themselves sometimes. but that is just the way the world operates.

to AMERICAN:
the black african and the white american needs to work in pease for the betterment of all white and black regardless of age or betterment of class systems since slavery abolished prieviously owned dignities and mercinaries that limit the black experience in the eyes of the white working classless dictators that unermine imerialist agenda vis a vis the leftist colonialist mindset working to disrupt the fallacies of the north. furthermore, the yellow man in his ivory tower and the red man in his wollen loincloth shouldn't ridicule the black man in his urban congressional district due to the interlocutor white anglo elite who overrule with systematic administration, whether or not in cahoots with propagators of israli agendas, because under all is the unvanquishable reality that the combined forces of a new world economy and a global population boom across the entire moist spectrum, so that no matter who is on top, whether it be the eu or the us or asian markets, they will be at the mercy over the next fifty years, of these thunderous forces in shaping these whirlwindy shifts--of course putting african nations even further into troubles that were caused by not so much a way of governance as a way of being in the world where the tribes live close to the natural world and are more subjects to the vicicitudes and moodswings of shaky economic topographies and wheather patterns, much more so exposed in rain and endangered than the infrastructured west of with its corporate voodoo and welfare and wheelchair access ramps and its quick divorces which was made by white hard work and therefore insight, self interest and genius and greed at the expense of everyone including themselves sometimes. but that is just the way the world operates.

to AMERICAN:
the black african and the white american needs to work in pease for the betterment of all white and black regardless of age or betterment of class systems since slavery abolished prieviously owned dignities and mercinaries that limit the black experience in the eyes of the white working classless dictators that unermine imerialist agenda vis a vis the leftist colonialist mindset working to disrupt the fallacies of the north. furthermore, the yellow man in his ivory tower and the red man in his wollen loincloth shouldn't ridicule the black man in his urban congressional district due to the interlocutor white anglo elite who overrule with systematic administration, whether or not in cahoots with propagators of israli agendas, because under all is the unvanquishable reality that the combined forces of a new world economy and a global population boom across the entire moist spectrum, so that no matter who is on top, whether it be the eu or the us or asian markets, they will be at the mercy over the next fifty years, of these thunderous forces in shaping these whirlwindy shifts--of course putting african nations even further into troubles that were caused by not so much a way of governance as a way of being in the world where the tribes live close to the natural world and are more subjects to the vicicitudes and moodswings of shaky economic topographies and wheather patterns, much more so exposed in rain and endangered than the infrastructured west of with its corporate voodoo and welfare and wheelchair access ramps and its quick divorces which was made by white hard work and therefore insight, self interest and genius and greed at the expense of everyone including themselves sometimes. but that is just the way the world operates.

This racism and anti-americanism is quite selective. Let's take Thabo Mbeki - from South Africa - he even engaged in it - when he made racist comments about HIV/AIDS in the West - he stated that this was a disease of white homosexuals when he knew full well, that this disease disproportionately affects black people in the US. Members of his government have openly fanned racist sentiments against black Americans.

The extent that some Africans will go to dehumanize black Americans - insist that we are inferior merely because we descend from enslaved Africans - and then to spin the story around and blame the Victim. Is very disgusting.

One must ask, why does not the whole southern African region critique Editors like Fred M'membe who have called the ancestors of black americans - "monkeys".

If you notice - Fred M'membe and many Africans support white Americans - and Westerners and insteitutions - such as the Catholic Church and the Pope - and Adventist Folkenburg - even if these people are crooked - yet they will seek you out to dehumanize you.

In my view - being approached by many of these people is very dehumanizing.

Zambians have referred to black Americans as "slavery products" and "wenches" - and they have celebrated some of the most disgusting, persons with ill motives.

Envy is what drives anti-americanism in Africa - 9 times out of 10 - Many Africans will support white Americanism and will support racism against Black Americans.

THe extent of the AIDS epidemic in Africa and corruption is also routed in their ideas about slavery, black America, and integrity.

When you have presidents such as Zambian Mwanawasa and his wife spreading racism against black America and celebrating their own citizens who refer to black Americans as "monkeys" - this is very disgusting and indefensible.

Of course many institutions such as the adventist church support this type of Anti-Americanism which is kind of neocolonial. They did it Rwanda and they are still doing it.

I find that Anti-"Americanism" is quite fickle - especially in Africa. Africans are anti-black american but they are pro- White Supremacist.

For example, many Africans are very racist - and interact with Black Americans for the sole purpose of pulling these people down to their level.

Zambians in the Adventist church and outside of it - have referred to black merican women as "wenches".

Fred M'membe - the Editor of the Post Newspaper had a journalist - Lucy Sichone who referred to the ancetors of black Amerians as "monkeys" taken to the West by colonialists. Zambians now laud Lucy Sichone as does the Zambian President and his wife.

Many Africans are very racist - and they seek black Americans out - for the sole purpose of tearing at our dignity.

For a long time - now - in their media - Africans insiniuate that black Americans have an inferior culture and are inferior because black Americans descend from enslaved persons.

Meanwhile, Zambians and other Africans - seek to form alliances with white persons who oppress black Americans.

It is a fickle anti-Americanism.

For example, Zambians have estolled Slaveowing George Washington - while meanwhile denigrating black Americans as "wenches".

Many of these anti-Americanists are disgusting people. I find many Zambians and their African supporters to be very disgusting in their racism and their vulgarity.

They almost have a trashiness about them which allows them to call black American women "wenches" and to seek them out to exploit them.

I find that Anti-"Americanism" is quite fickle - especially in Africa. Africans are anti-black american but they are pro- White Supremacist.

For example, many Africans are very racist - and interact with Black Americans for the sole purpose of pulling these people down to their level.

Zambians in the Adventist church and outside of it - have referred to black merican women as "wenches".

Fred M'membe - the Editor of the Post Newspaper had a journalist - Lucy Sichone who referred to the ancetors of black Amerians as "monkeys" taken to the West by colonialists. Zambians now laud Lucy Sichone as does the Zambian President and his wife.

Many Africans are very racist - and they seek black Americans out - for the sole purpose of tearing at our dignity.

For a long time - now - in their media - Africans insiniuate that black Americans have an inferior culture and are inferior because black Americans descend from enslaved persons.

Meanwhile, Zambians and other Africans - seek to form alliances with white persons who oppress black Americans.

It is a fickle anti-Americanism.

For example, Zambians have estolled Slaveowing George Washington - while meanwhile denigrating black Americans as "wenches".

Many of these anti-Americanists are disgusting people. I find many Zambians and their African supporters to be very disgusting in their racism and their vulgarity.

They almost have a trashiness about them which allows them to call black American women "wenches" and to seek them out to exploit them.

SIMON HINDS: you questioning whether Mugabe is a tyrant is the funniest thing I've read today. Good Job.. Very Funny!

didnt south africa just welcome a terrorist to their country? didnt so africia tell its people with aids to just hurry up and die?

I disagree that it's America's geo-political unilateralism that is causing consternation in Africa. Instead, anti-American (actually it's probably more anti-Western) rhetoric derives from the joint action (multi-lateral if you will) through the World Bank, IMF, and other instruments of the "Washington Consensus" that the West supports. Indeed, Mugabe doesn't just attack the United States in his declarations but also attacks Australia and Britain (2 main backers of this system) because of their "neo-colonial" tendencies. Because of the stricter commitments African governments (and certainly dictators) have to face through the Washinton Consensus, cheap money with no strings attached from China and Cuba would certainly sound good in comparison. It may be in vogue to blame all anti-Americanism on "unilateralism" but it would be folly to say it is the only reason in Africa.

This article is pure rubbish. China and other powers are making inroads in Africa because a) their projects have more attractive financing and b) they don't put governance conditions on the recipient government.

I personally think the Bush administration is terrible, but they have done more for Africa in terms of HIV/AIDS programs, technical assistance, free trade, and other support than any other administration (including the warm and fuzzy Clinton administration), period.

William, what is your REAL agenda? Your criticisms are baseless.

Mugabe a tyrant? Granted Zanu-PF breaches its own laws when dealing with the opposition MDC,but tyrant? Is it because Mugabe is a tyrant that SADC recently, and once again, endorsed his election as "expressing the will of the people". AS suggested elsewhere, the idea that US policy is somehow mere incompetence is ridiculous.

We need honest black commentators to write about Africa.

The problems will continue with US policy as long as people to use terms like 'Mistake'. Make no 'Mistake' about US policy, it is no 'Mistake'.

When foriegn governments begin to stand up and be the example that the US should be and when those that see the policy as abhorant that is when the US might see the err of is way.

It's like Italian football and Einstien's theory... the source of the problem isn't likely going to fix the problem.

Third world socialist dictators are always happier with the US when Democrats are in the White House. They are kindred spirits. Both groups are only to happy to blame the US for every ill in the world.

What I take from the original post is that U.S. involvement in Africa is in most cases so insignificant that images that have little to do with reality are more powerful than that reality itself. I agree with Andrew that U.S. foreign policy decisions that have nothing to do directly with Africa are very far down list of things influencing African public opinion or relations between any particular state and the U.S.

It's everyone's fault EXCEPT the USA.

"U.S. unilateralism under the Republicans has alienated friends and foes alike abroad," pretty much sums it up. This in addition to the right wing Christian beliefs that others than the lily white are sub-human to be exploited, conquered, converted or at best, ignored. The US will reap what the likes of Rove, Cheney et. al. have sown.

Mr. Gunade does express the attitude among the ruling class of dictators and one party demi- dictators that rule almost all nations in Africa. When the leaders of wealthy African nations like Nigeria decide to provide a working sewer system in it's capital city we will know that the dictators have decided to steal just a bit less and that the evolutionary pendulum has arrived in Africa's halls of power. Until then American businesses will look for stabler ethical climates for their investments.

"For example, rising powers China and India are raking in new business in Africa, because the U.S. administration is so unpopular."

Horse crap.

Rising powers like China and Russia and others are playing the game that has been played for decades in Africa--CORRUPTION. If the US revoked the FCPA and business started bribing dictators as much as others, you'd see a much better mood amongst the elites in Africa.