Susan Brooks Thistlethwaite
Professor, Chicago Theological Seminary

Susan Brooks Thistlethwaite

Former president of Chicago Theological Seminary (1998-2008), Thistlethwaite is a senior fellow at the Center for American Progress.

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Cain and Abel Both Used E-mail

E-mail is the electronic evidence for the existence of good and evil. Furthermore, it is an accelerant, like gasoline, so that when something gets out electronically it spreads like wildfire. It also removes the personal from the ethical equation, so it is likely E-mail does more harm than good.

Cain and Abel are the biblical figures who typify the human struggle with good and evil. Cain kills his brother Abel and attempts to hide the deed from God. Dr. Andre LaCocque, in his amazing book The Trial of Innocence: Adam, Eve and the Yahwist, goes so far as to suggest that Cain and Abel are the same person, or at least that one can make that possible interpretation of the text. We all have the capacity to sin and sin large; we also all have the resident capacity for good.

What makes E-mail such a vehicle for good and evil, and on some days I think for more evil than good, is that it removes the presence of the other to a distance. People will say the most hurtful, angry and even vicious things on E-mail (or in a post on a blog, let me point out), things they would never say face-to-face. Tell me, would you let your Mother read what you post on blogs?

The philosopher and Talmudic scholar, Emmanuel Levinas, makes the primacy of being face-to-face with another human being the foundation of ethics. This shock of encounter with the physical presence of another being does not negate one's own being, but instead teaches us the primordial phenomenon of gentleness. But the shock of encounter with the other can also be threat, as the presence of another makes a transcendent claim, and that can lead to violence. The physical presence of the other is not neutral, but it is also not abstract as in email.

The physical presence of the other, and the claim that makes on me and my existence, however, I have found leads more toward gentleness than threat. E-mail shows this as it takes the face out of the encounter, so to speak. That is exactly why people will say the most ungodly things (and I mean ungodly in a technical sense here) on email that they would never say face-to-face.

I am steadfast in asking people who work and study at my institution, when they have a conflict with another, not to use E-mail and not even to use the phone, but to go talk face-to-face with the person with whom they are having a conflict. I call this my “Levinas policy”. And it almost always works. There is a claim the other makes by their very physical presence that is absent in E-mail. That’s why humor doesn’t work in E-mail. And even if, as Levinas notes, the encounter face-to-face of one human being and another leads to violence, that too is a shock of recognition of the other.

E-mail is great for announcing things, arranging meetings, sending documents around so you save paper, and for the technical details of life that make it go. In that sense, and in that sense only, it can facilitate the good.

But for real goodness to occur, you need to recognize the physical presence of the other and even if, as in the Cain and Abel case, this leads to violence, it is real. This is the fundamental human dilemma.

If you have any doubt into which category, good or evil, an E-mail you have written falls, take my advice and press delete and go talk to the person.

By Susan Brooks Thistlethwaite  |  March 13, 2008; 9:30 AM ET
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The premise that the lack of a physical presence results in evil behavior is false. Evil behavior comes from within, as does virtuous behavior. We do not behave as we do because of the presence or absence of another, or because of the good or bad behavior of another, we do it because we choose to, or at least because we are thoughtlessly following our urges. Most evil acts are evil because they are hurtful to others, which means another person must be involved in some way, and most people choose to be hurtful from a distance, so as to avoid reprisal. To extend that natural human instinct for self-preservation into a foundation for ethics is ... well ... sophomoric.

As for your extension of that premise to email, letter writing was around long before email, do you have evidence to back up your claim from letters?

Finally, Cain's behavior occurred fully in the immediate presence of Abel and/or God. That is a terrible analogy for you to use, and the fact that Cain attempted to hide his act from God demonstrates my point regarding natural acts of self-preservation, and says nothing to bolster your point. Try not to force the Bible to fit within your preconceived system of beliefs and you'll do much better.

Oh, and yes, I HAVE given my mother my blog address.

Posted by: P. Haldrum | June 23, 2008 11:51 PM
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Sorry, that was meant to be fairy tale, NOT 'fairly' tale. OK, it means also that it was fairly only a tale told by a theologian.

Posted by: Soja John Thaikattil, Sydney, Australia | March 14, 2008 8:35 AM
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PS: As to the claim that Abel and Cain used E-mail: Is that theology or fairly tale?

Posted by: Soja John Thaikattil, Sydney, Australia | March 14, 2008 8:32 AM
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Dear Professor Thistlethwaite

The e-mail is a very efficient way to transfer information. There is absolutely no doubt about that. The transfer of information is free and instant. But one starts to tread dangerous ground when one tries to build new relationships based on emails alone or in situations where the body language plays an important role in conveying the message. The email is useful in maintaining relationships one has already established in real life, between real life encounters.

The test: Would one allow one's spouse/partners, family members or friends to read what one posts on blogs is one that needs to be passed.

The most practical rule to me seems to be to use the E-mail:

1. As electronic medium to transfer information,

2. To initiate contacts which would otherwise be impossible in real life, following up with real life contact as soon as possible or as opportunity permits,

3. To maintain contacts one has already established in real life (between real life contacts),

4. When documentation of the communication is essential (matters with legal implications, intellectual property disputes),

5. Never use email when body language and tone conveys an important part of the message,

6. Ask the questions: What is the best/worst
that can happen if I send this email and ensure that one is satisfied with the answer,

7. When in doubt, don't...

Soja John Thaikattil
Sydney, Australia

Posted by: Soja John Thaikattil, Sydney, Australia | March 14, 2008 7:00 AM
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I have made dear friends through the internet. People that have become life long friends. After talking on the net for over a year many of us met...we rented a cabin in the Smoky Mountains... all our families said we each would be killed by some ax murderer.LOL..well we fell in love with each other..and over the years that has become nearly an annual happing we call The Gathering, each year some place different.

These are people that have been always there when I needed them. And without this electronic magick, I would not have them in my life. It's like any other tool, it is what you use it for.

We have shared lives in Email...poetry, art, children's and grandchildren's pictures...the horrible jokes and the wonderful laughs. It has been a blessing in so many ways...now If I could just zap the spam.

terra

Posted by: Terra Gazelle | March 13, 2008 11:29 PM
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Posted by: Anonymous | March 13, 2008 2:10 PM
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I would argue that of all the mediums, e-mail is the most democratic and encourages the most honesty.

Physical confrontations intimidate many people. They can be silenced with a look.

An e-mail allows expression with interruption. Like it or not, it gets the message out.

By the way, Ms.Ferraro got it right.


Posted by: Ken Roberts | March 13, 2008 1:46 PM
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I would argue that of all the mediums, e-mail is the most democratic and encourages the most honesty.

Physical confrontations intimidate many people. They can be silenced with a look.

An e-mail allows expression with interruption. Like it or not, it gets the message out.

By the way, Ms.Ferraro got it right.


Posted by: Ken Roberts | March 13, 2008 1:46 PM
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Wrong as usual. It's a tool. Don't blame the tool for what some people do with it.

Posted by: Garyd | March 13, 2008 12:36 PM
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Dear Susan, I enjoyed your recent article in the Washington Post regarding the racist remarks made about Barack Obama.
I sometimes think what it would be like for us all to be blind for a while, to not have the dominant sense of sight. How long would it take for us to begin to recognize each other, not by the color of our skin but as human beings. How long would it take for us to see not with our eyes but with our hearts that we were all born out of love.
Would we want all of the things in life that we want, for everyone else, so much that we would not settle for anything less.
Could we begin to see that this love,is the common thread of our God given heritage that was hoped would be enough for us to remember who we really are.
Rev. Steven Arndt

Posted by: Steven Arndt | March 13, 2008 10:49 AM
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Dear Susan,

You are right that this is a rough and tumble free speech zone we have here. Sometimes people should be nicer, but sometimes the panelists throw torches on the gasoline by misrepresenting the topics and fear mongering, too. Maybe that should be modified, too.

On the whole, though, is it better to hear what people have to say, or would it be better to go back into the past where people cannot communicate easily?

Posted by: The Moderate | March 12, 2008 11:02 PM
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Interesting concept. Although I have seen a lot of viciousness in blogs in "On Faith", I have seen more intelligent discussion and sharing of Ideas on this blog.

Posted by: Jim M | March 12, 2008 11:00 PM
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Interesting concept. Although I have seen a lot of viciousness in blogs in "On Faith", I have seen more intelligent discussion and sharing of Ideas on this blog.

Posted by: Jim M | March 12, 2008 10:49 PM
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