Revisiting Pope Pius XII
Since the early 1960s, it has been fashionable to condemn Pope Pius XII (1939-1958) for keeping "silent" during the Holocaust and having "pro-Nazi" sympathies. In fact, the evidence shows that these allegations are false.
During World War II, the "silent" pope had a lot to say. His wartime encyclicals, speeches, and public letters fill seven volumes. At the time, the pope's words were widely seen as condemnations of Nazism. For example, on October 27, 1939, the New York-based Jewish Telegraphic Agency reported that "the unqualified condemnation which Pope Pius XII heaped on totalitarian, racist, and materialist theories of government in his [first] encyclical Summi Pontificatus caused a profound stir."
In his 1939 Christmas address, Pius XII said, "Atrocities and the illegal use of violence even against noncombatants and refugees . . . cry out for the vengeance of God." In the same speech, the pope articulated his conditions for a "just and honorable peace," which included the protection of all "racial minorities."
The Nazis never believed Pope Pius XII was silent. A report dated January 22, 1943 by the Reich Central Security Office (RHSA) on the pope's explosive 1942 Christmas message reads, "In a manner never known before the pope has repudiated the National Socialist New European Order. . . . His speech is one long attack on everything we stand for." After quoting the pope's words, the report states, "Here he is virtually accusing the German people of injustice towards the Jews and makes himself the mouthpiece of the Jewish war criminals."
Although Pius XII publicly refused to take sides, he actively cooperated with the German Resistance. In early 1940, the pope acted as an intermediary between a group of German generals who wanted to overthrow Adolf Hitler and the British government. A 1944 report by the Office of Strategic Services (OSS), which was found in the National Archives a decade ago, reveals that the Resistance gave the pope knowledge of two other plots against Hitler.
Instead of sympathizing with Nazi Germany, Pius XII actually assisted the Soviet Union during the war. In response to diplomatic appeals made by President Franklin Roosevelt in the fall of 1941, the pope agreed that American Catholics could support the extension of military aid, through the Lend-Lease program, to the Soviet Union after it was invaded by the Nazis.
Throughout the war, the pope instructed his diplomatic representatives in many Axis and Nazi-occupied nations to help Jews who were being persecuted or in danger of being deported. The Jewish press even reported some of the Vatican's efforts. Consider a few headlines and articles: "Vatican Radio Denounces Nazi Acts in Poland"--Jewish Advocate (Boston), January 26, 1940; "Laval Spurns Pope--25,000 Jews in France Arrested for Deportation"--Canadian Jewish Chronicle, September 4, 1942; "Jewish Hostages in Rome: Vatican Protests"--Jewish Chronicle (London), October 29, 1943. In an editorial (July 27, 1944), the American Israelite in Cincinnati stated: "With Rome liberated, it has been determined, indeed, that 7,000 of Italy's 40,000 Jews owe their lives to the Vatican .... Placing these golden deeds alongside the intercession of Pope Pius XII with the regent of Hungary on behalf of Hungarian Jews, we feel an immeasurable degree of gratitude towards our Catholic brethren."
In February 2003, the Vatican began the process of opening its archives from the Nazi period. One of the very first documents that was found was a letter dated April 4, 1933 by Eugenio Cardinal Pacelli, the Vatican Secretary of State and future Pius XII, to the papal nuncio in Germany. Pacelli instructed the nuncio to see what he could do to oppose Germany's anti-Semitic policies.
In the last few decades, Pius XII's other achievements have been forgotten as well. He encouraged scholars to use scientific methods to analyze biblical texts, agreed that Catholics could accept the theory of evolution, and encouraged women to enter public life. Popes John XXIII, Paul VI, John Paul II, and Benedict XVI have all credited Pius XII with laying the theological groundwork that made the Second Vatican Council (1962-1965) possible.
The recent scholarly literature in Europe defending Pope Pius XII is extensive. The pope's defenders include Jewish authors such as Rabbi David Dalin and Sir Martin Gilbert. Contrary to what is often repeated in the secular media, the Vatican has made a strong persuasive case for beatifying Pius XII. Now it's up to the late pope's critics to prove his guilt rather than demanding that the Vatican to prove his innocence.
Dimitri Cavalli is an editor and writer in New York City.
By Dimitri Cavalli |
May 21, 2008; 11:04 AM ET
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Posted by: Dave | May 22, 2008 6:40 AM
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For a short but detailed history of Pius XII's activities helping Jews during WW II, go to:
www.catholic.com/library/HOW_PIUS_XII_PROTECTED_JEWS.asp
Posted by: Dave | May 22, 2008 6:34 AM
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For yahoo below:
I agree with your comments regarding WaPo's anti Catholic bias. It is subtle but there.
More importantly and as you state, this article needs more prominence to dispel the historical inaccuracies regarding Pius XII's activities during the 1930/40's. Many Jews were saved from the Nazi's because of Pius' activities.
Posted by: Dave | May 22, 2008 6:17 AM
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to the holy father
I charge you, O daughters of Jerusalem, if ye find my beloved, that ye tell him, that I am sick of your love.
9. What is thy beloved more than another beloved, O thou fairest among women? what is thy beloved more than another beloved, that thou dost so charge us?
10. My beloved is white and ruddy, the chiefest among ten thousand.
11. His head is as the most fine gold, his locks are bushy, and black as a raven.
12. His eyes are as the eyes of doves by the rivers of waters, washed with milk, and fitly set.
13. His cheeks are as a bed of spices, as sweet flowers: his lips like lilies, dropping sweet smelling myrrh.
14. His hands are as gold rings set with the beryl: his belly is as bright ivory overlaid with sapphires.
15. His legs are as pillars of marble, set upon sockets of fine gold: his countenance is as Lebanon, excellent as the cedars.
16. His mouth is most sweet: yea, he is altogether lovely. This is my beloved, and this is my friend, O daughters of Jerusalem.
'I am sick of your love."
"beloved is white" the pope dresses in white
"His head is as the most fine gold"
"His eyes are as the eyes of doves"
"this is my friend"
beatification
(Latin: beatus, blessed; facere, to make) The declaration by the pope as head of the Church that one of its members deserves for saintly life as confessor or heroic death as martyr, to be entitled Blessed, that is, regarded as dwelling in the happiness of heaven.
martyr
A person who, for the Christian faith, freely and patiently suffers death at the hands of a persecutor. A martyr chooses to die rather than deny his faith by word or deed.
Spirit of the beast – false doctrine
Beastiality the blessing of beasts.
"And God said, Let the waters bring forth abundantly the moving creature that hath life, and fowl that may fly above the earth in the open firmament of heaven."
"So God created man in his own image, in the image of God created he him"
"creature that hath life"
"God created man in his own image"
And the Lord God said, It is not good that the man should be alone; I will make him an help meet for him.
And out of the ground the Lord God formed every beast of the field, and every fowl of the air; and brought them unto Adam to see what he would call them: and whatsoever Adam called every living creature, that was the name thereof.
“out of the ground the Lord God formed every beast of the field”
“and brought them unto Adam to see what he would call them”
“whatsoever Adam called every living creature”
“that was the name thereof”
Now the serpent was more subtil than any beast of the field which the Lord God had made. And he said unto the woman, Yea, hath God said, Ye shall not eat of every tree of the garden?
“the serpent was more subtil than any beast of the field”
And Adam called his wife's name Eve; because she was the mother of all living.
“Eve; because she was the mother of all living.”
“out of the ground the Lord God formed every beast of the field”
“the serpent was more subtil than any beast of the field”
“Eve; because she was the mother of all living.”
“whatsoever Adam called every living creature”
And the Lord said unto Satan, Behold, he is in thine hand; but save his life.
So went Satan forth from the presence of the Lord, and smote Job with sore boils from the sole of his foot unto his crown.
“So went Satan forth smote Job with sore boils from the sole of his foot unto his crown.”
Also he sent forth a dove from him, to see if the waters were abated from off the face of the ground;
But the dove found no rest for the sole of her foot, and she returned unto him into the ark, for the waters were on the face of the whole earth: then he put forth his hand, and took her, and pulled her in unto him into the ark.
And he stayed yet other seven days; and again he sent forth the dove out of the ark;
And the dove came in to him in the evening; and, lo, in her mouth was an olive leaf pluckt off: so Noah knew that the waters were abated from off the earth.
“the dove found no rest for the sole of her foot”
Joseph is a fruitful bough, even a fruitful bough by a well; whose branches run over the wall:
The archers have sorely grieved him, and shot at him, and hated him:
But his bow abode in strength, and the arms of his hands were made strong by the hands of the mighty God of Jacob; (from thence is the shepherd, the stone of Israel:)
Even by the God of thy father, who shall help thee; and by the Almighty, who shall bless thee with blessings of heaven above, blessings of the deep that lieth under, blessings of the breasts, and of the womb:
The blessings of thy father have prevailed above the blessings of my progenitors unto the utmost bound of the everlasting hills: they shall be on the head of Joseph, and on the crown of the head of him that was separate from his brethren.
“blessings of the deep that lieth under”
“the blessings of my progenitors unto the utmost bound of the everlasting hills”
And Solomon sent to Hiram, saying,
Thou knowest how that David my father could not build an house unto the name of the Lord his God for the wars which were about him on every side, until the Lord put them under the soles of his feet.
“David my father, the wars which were about him on every side, until the Lord put them under the soles of his feet.”
The glory of Lebanon shall come unto thee, the fir tree, the pine tree, and the box together, to beautify the place of my sanctuary; and I will make the place of my feet glorious.
The sons also of them that afflicted thee shall come bending unto thee; and all they that despised thee shall bow themselves down at the soles of thy feet; and they shall call thee; The city of the Lord, The Zion of the Holy One of Israel.
Whereas thou hast been forsaken and hated, so that no man went through thee, I will make thee an eternal excellency, a joy of many generations.
Thou shalt also suck the milk of the Gentiles, and shalt suck the breast of kings: and thou shalt know that I the Lord am thy Saviour and thy Redeemer, the mighty One of Jacob.
“all they that despised thee shall bow themselves down at the soles of thy feet”
“So went Satan forth smote Job with sore boils from the sole of his foot unto his crown.”
“the dove found no rest for the sole of her foot”
“blessings of the deep that lieth under”
“the blessings of my progenitors unto the utmost bound of the everlasting hills”
“David my father, the wars which were about him on every side, until the Lord put them under the soles of his feet.”
“all they that despised thee shall bow themselves down at the soles of thy feet”
When you see a sinner creature preaching from the cross, you know that this is the dog.
“the men turned their faces from thence, and went toward Sodom”
But the men of Sodom were wicked and sinners before the Lord exceedingly.
Behold, I send you forth as sheep in the midst of wolves: be ye therefore wise as serpents, and harmless as doves.
“I send you forth as sheep”
“ye therefore wise as serpents”
“harmless as doves”
And take the helmet of salvation, and the sword of the Spirit, which is the word of God:
“the sword of the Spirit, which is the word of God”
Arise, O Lord, disappoint him, cast him down: deliver my soul from the wicked, which is thy sword:
“deliver my soul from the wicked”
“which is thy sword”
Deliver my soul from the sword; my darling from the power of the dog.
“Deliver my soul from the sword”
“from the power of the dog”
That thy foot may be dipped in the blood of thine enemies, and the tongue of thy dogs in the same.
“the blood of thine enemies”
“the tongue of thy dogs in the same”
They return at evening: they make a noise like a dog, and go round about the city.
Behold, they belch out with their mouth: swords are in their lips: for who, say they, doth hear?
“swords are in their lips”
Then said the Lord unto me, Though Moses and Samuel stood before me, yet my mind could not be toward this people: cast them out of my sight, and let them go forth.
And it shall come to pass, if they say unto thee, Whither shall we go forth? then thou shalt tell them, Thus saith the Lord; Such as are for death, to death; and such as are for the sword, to the sword; and such as are for the famine, to the famine; and such as are for the captivity, to the captivity.
And I will appoint over them four kinds, saith the Lord: the sword to slay, and the dogs to tear, and the fowls of the heaven, and the beasts of the earth, to devour and destroy.
“I will appoint over them four kinds”
“the sword to slay”- “the sword of the Spirit, which is the word of God”
“the dogs to tear”- “from the power of the dog”
“the fowls of the heaven”- “harmless as doves”
“the beasts of the earth”- “I send you forth as sheep”
“to devour and destroy”- “ye therefore wise as serpents”
Ye have heard that it hath been said, Thou shalt love thy neighbour, and hate thine enemy.
But I say unto you, Love your enemies, bless them that curse you, do good to them that hate you, and pray for them which despitefully use you, and persecute you;
“Love your enemies”
“bless them that curse you”
“do good to them that hate you”
“pray for them which despitefully use you”
“and persecute you”
A martyr chooses to die rather than deny his faith by word or deed.
“bless them that curse you”
"Behold, I send you forth as sheep in the midst of wolves: be ye therefore wise as serpents, and harmless as doves."
“do good to them that hate you”
"And he said unto them, Go ye into all the world, and preach the gospel to every creature."
“pray for them which despitefully use you”
"And the gospel must first be published among all nations."
"But he that shall endure unto the end, the same shall be saved. And this gospel of the kingdom shall be preached in all the world for a witness unto all nations; and then shall the end come."
For these be the days of vengeance, that all things which are written may be fulfilled.
“the days of vengeance”
And they shall fall by the edge of the sword, and shall be led away captive into all nations: and Jerusalem shall be trodden down of the Gentiles, until the times of the Gentiles be fulfilled.
“until the times of the Gentiles be fulfilled.”
We who are Jews by nature, and not sinners of the Gentiles,
“sinners of the Gentiles”
But I say, that the things which the Gentiles sacrifice, they sacrifice to devils, and not to God: and I would not that ye should have fellowship with devils.
“Gentiles sacrifice, they sacrifice to devils”
Ye know that ye were Gentiles, carried away unto these dumb idols, even as ye were led.
“Gentiles, carried away unto these dumb idols, even as ye were led”
“the days of vengeance”
“until the times of the Gentiles be fulfilled.”
“sinners of the Gentiles”
“Gentiles, carried away unto these dumb idols, even as ye were led”
“Gentiles sacrifice, they sacrifice to devils”
My son, if sinners entice thee, consent thou not.
If they say, Come with us, let us lay wait for blood, let us lurk privily for the innocent without cause:
Let us swallow them up alive as the grave; and whole, as those that go down into the pit:
“if sinners entice thee, consent thou not”
“swallow them up alive as the grave”
“as those that go down into the pit”
Professing themselves to be wise, they became fools, And changed the glory of the uncorruptible God into an image made like to corruptible man, and to birds, and fourfooted beasts, and creeping things. Wherefore God also gave them up to uncleanness through the lusts of their own hearts, to dishonour their own bodies between themselves: Who changed the truth of God into a lie, and worshipped and served the creature more than the Creator, who is blessed for ever.
beatification
“worshipped and served the creature”
"Behold, I send you forth as sheep in the midst of wolves: be ye therefore wise as serpents, and harmless as doves."
"corruptible man, birds, fourfooted beasts,and creeping things"
"creature that hath life" “living creature”
“Eve; because she was the mother of all living.”
“whatsoever Adam called every living creature”
“out of the ground the Lord God formed every beast of the field”
“the serpent was more subtil than any beast of the field”
And I find more bitter than death the woman, whose heart is snares and nets, and her hands as bands: whoso pleaseth God shall escape from her; but the sinner shall be taken by her.
“the sinner shall be taken by her.”
And it shall come to pass, that in the place where it was said unto them, Ye are not my people; there shall they be called the children of the living God.
“Ye are not my people; there shall they be called the children of the living God.”
“the days of vengeance”
“until the times of the Gentiles be fulfilled.”
“sinners of the Gentiles”
“Gentiles, carried away unto these dumb idols, even as ye were led”
“Gentiles sacrifice, they sacrifice to devils”
“the sinner shall be taken by her.”
“Ye are not my people; there shall they be called the children of the living God.”
“Eve; because she was the mother of all living.”
“whatsoever Adam called every living creature”
“out of the ground the Lord God formed every beast of the field”
“the serpent was more subtil than any beast of the field”
birds
“So went Satan forth smote Job with sore boils from the sole of his foot unto his crown.”
“the dove found no rest for the sole of her foot”
“blessings of the deep that lieth under”
“the blessings of my progenitors unto the utmost bound of the everlasting hills”
“David my father, the wars which were about him on every side, until the Lord put them under the soles of his feet.”
“all they that despised thee shall bow themselves down at the soles of thy feet”
, fourfooted beasts
“deliver my soul from the wicked”
“which is thy sword”
“Deliver my soul from the sword”
“from the power of the dog”
“the blood of thine enemies”
“the tongue of thy dogs in the same”
“swords are in their lips”
creeping things
“out of the ground the Lord God formed every beast of the field”
“the serpent was more subtil than any beast of the field”
“Eve; because she was the mother of all living.”
“whatsoever Adam called every living creature”
beatification
heroic death as martyr, to be entitled Blessed
“the sinner shall be taken by her.”
“the serpent was more subtil than any beast of the field”
“Ye are not my people; there shall they be called the children of the living God.”
“Love your enemies”
“bless them that curse you”
“do good to them that hate you”
“pray for them which despitefully use you”
“and persecute you”
“Professing themselves to be wise, they became fools”
The fool hath said in his heart, There is no God. They are corrupt, they have done abominable works, there is none that doeth good.
The Lord looked down from heaven upon the children of men, to see if there were any that did understand, and seek God.
They are all gone aside, they are all together become filthy: there is none that doeth good, no, not one.
Have all the workers of iniquity no knowledge? who eat up my people as they eat bread, and call not upon the Lord.
There were they in great fear: for God is in the generation of the righteous.
Ye have shamed the counsel of the poor, because the Lord is his refuge.
Oh that the salvation of Israel were come out of Zion! when the Lord bringeth back the captivity of his people, Jacob shall rejoice, and Israel shall be glad.
“changed the glory of the uncorruptible God into an image made like to corruptible man”
Preserve me, O God: for in thee do I put my trust.
O my soul, thou hast said unto the Lord, Thou art my Lord: my goodness extendeth not to thee;
But to the saints that are in the earth, and to the excellent, in whom is all my delight.
Their sorrows shall be multiplied that hasten after another god: their drink offerings of blood will I not offer, nor take up their names into my lips.
The Lord is the portion of mine inheritance and of my cup: thou maintainest my lot.
The lines are fallen unto me in pleasant places; yea, I have a goodly heritage.
I will bless the Lord, who hath given me counsel: my reins also instruct me in the night seasons.
I have set the Lord always before me: because he is at my right hand, I shall not be moved.
Therefore my heart is glad, and my glory rejoiceth: my flesh also shall rest in hope.
For thou wilt not leave my soul in hell; neither wilt thou suffer thine Holy One to see corruption.
Thou wilt shew me the path of life: in thy presence is fulness of joy; at thy right hand there are pleasures for evermore.
Posted by: harold | May 21, 2008 6:03 PM
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The Catholic Church has a history of treachery, abuse and intolerance towards any one who is not Catholic-such as,among others:
1)The Crusaders' barbric wars on the Muslim East which lasted for two centuries and which were initiated,promoted and blessed by the pope:untold number of Muslims were put the sword esepcially when Jerusalem was stormed;the Muslim East had to endure the barbarities of the crusaders for two centuries until they were finally evicted out of holyland by Saladin; on their way to the Muslim East,the crusdaers stooped by Constantinople,razed to the ground and sluaghtered thousands upon thousands of Eastren Orthodox Christians-because they were "heritics" like jews and muslims.
2)The Inquistion,its horrors,its forced conversions of Spanish Muslims into Catholicism,confiscation of their children-yes their children-and their property,ethnic cleanesing,destruction of their rich culture and libraries and finally their eviction altogether from Spain; Muslim children were abducted form their ethnically cleanesed parents and indoctrinated into catholicism:to this very day,graves in Andlucia bear mixed names such, for example, Carlos Muhammad,clearly indictaing the froced conversion of a Muslim-most likely a child (See for example "Moorish Spain" by Ricahrd Fletcher, professor of history at the Universty of York/UK).
3)The horrendous forced conversions of all the people of South America by Catholic Spain supported and blessed by the vitican,the decimation of South American indigenous culture and its population thru disease which the Spanish soldiers brought along with them;
4)Am not convinced that the Vitican defended the jews from the holocaust which occured in the its back yard-after all Hitler,his government, his generals and armies were Catholic;
5)What did the vitican do about the genocide of the European Slavic Bosnian Muslims? Nothing.
4)More recently,the state of denial of the vatican prevailed for years on the shameful abuse of children by priests who were entrusted to them to teach,nurture and protect.
Posted by: Asim, San Antonio | May 21, 2008 4:41 PM
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I wish your piece would get a more prominent place on the site; however, the Washington Post has a definite anti-Catholic bias.
Excellent work and refutation of the vicious, leftist slander of "hitler's pope"
Posted by: yahoo! | May 21, 2008 1:20 PM
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"beatifying"?
Isn't it required that the candidate have performed some documented "miracle" in order to qualify for beatification? What miracle did Pius XII perform?
Posted by: Mark In Irvine | May 21, 2008 1:11 PM
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For Harold below.
Harold, are you OK? What does your post have to do with the topic at hand that being Pius XII??? Or, anything at all?
Harold, seek help.